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  <Article>
    <Journal>
      <PublisherName>aaspjournal</PublisherName>
      <JournalTitle>Journal of Asian Association of Schools of Pharmacy</JournalTitle>
      <PISSN>I</PISSN>
      <EISSN>S</EISSN>
      <Volume-Issue>Volume 15 Issue 1</Volume-Issue>
      <PartNumber/>
      <IssueTopic>Multidisciplinary</IssueTopic>
      <IssueLanguage>English</IssueLanguage>
      <Season>Jan - Dec 2026</Season>
      <SpecialIssue>N</SpecialIssue>
      <SupplementaryIssue>N</SupplementaryIssue>
      <IssueOA>Y</IssueOA>
      <PubDate>
        <Year>2026</Year>
        <Month>03</Month>
        <Day>5</Day>
      </PubDate>
      <ArticleType>Pharmacy</ArticleType>
      <ArticleTitle>A review of pharmacy education reform in Japan: Past, present, and future</ArticleTitle>
      <SubTitle/>
      <ArticleLanguage>English</ArticleLanguage>
      <ArticleOA>Y</ArticleOA>
      <FirstPage>6</FirstPage>
      <LastPage>13</LastPage>
      <AuthorList>
        <Author>
          <FirstName>Tetsumi</FirstName>
          <LastName>Irie*</LastName>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>N</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
        </Author>
      </AuthorList>
      <DOI>https://doi.org/10.62100/jaasp.2026.15102</DOI>
      <Abstract>Over the past 25 years, pharmacy education in Japan has undergone substantial reform in response to evolving healthcare demands. A major milestone in this reform process was the legal amendment in 2004, followed by the nationwide implementation of a six-year pharmacy education program in 2006, aimed at cultivating pharmacists with advanced clinical competencies, while a four-year program was retained to support research-oriented education. To support this transition, a Model Core Curriculum was established, incorporating approximately five months of experiential clinical training, together with national systems for achievement-based assessment and program accreditation. Subsequent revisions to the Model Core Curriculum in 2015 introduced an outcome-based educational framework, and the 2022 revision adopted a unified curriculum structure aligned with medical and dental education to further enhance consistency with these fields. Japan is currently advancing toward a fully integrated basic__ampersandsignndash;clinical educational model to enhance pharmacists__ampersandsignrsquo; contributions to the healthcare system.</Abstract>
      <AbstractLanguage>English</AbstractLanguage>
      <Keywords>pharmacy education, educational reform, Model Core Curriculum, clinical competency, outcome-based education</Keywords>
      <URLs>
        <Abstract>https://www.aaspjournal.org/ubijournal-v1copy/journals/abstract.php?article_id=16165&amp;title=A review of pharmacy education reform in Japan: Past, present, and future</Abstract>
      </URLs>
      <References>
        <ReferencesarticleTitle>References</ReferencesarticleTitle>
        <ReferencesfirstPage>16</ReferencesfirstPage>
        <ReferenceslastPage>19</ReferenceslastPage>
        <References/>
      </References>
    </Journal>
  </Article>
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